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|subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Union |government_footnotes = 〔 |government_type = Special Charter |governing_body = City Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Adrian Mapp (term ends December 31, 2017)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 14, 2015.〕 |leader_party = Democrat |leader_title1 = Administrator |leader_name1 = Rick Smiley〔(City Administrator ), City of Plainfield. Accessed September 19, 2014.〕 |leader_title2 = Clerk |leader_name2 = Abubakar Jalloh〔(City Clerk ), City of Plainfield. Accessed September 19, 2014.〕 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = April 21, 1869 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 15.626 |area_land_km2 = 15.599 |area_water_km2 = 0.027 |area_total_sq_mi = 6.034 |area_land_sq_mi = 6.023 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.011 |area_water_percent = 0.18 |area_rank = 256th of 566 in state 8th of 21 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Populations: Union County" ), ''Asbury Park Press''. Accessed May 21, 2013.〕〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Plainfield city, Union County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed April 10, 2012.〕〔〔(Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Plainfield city ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed April 10, 2012.〕 |population_total = 49808 |population_rank = 35th of 566 in state 3rd of 21 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 3, 2012.〕 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = 8270.1 |population_density_rank = 45th of 566 in state 4th of 21 in county〔 |population_est = 50955 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 11, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 95 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 40.615444 |longd = -74.415775 |postal_code_type = ZIP codes |postal_code = 07060-07063〔(Look Up a ZIP Code ), United States Postal Service. Accessed October 26, 2011.〕 |area_code = 732 and 908〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Plainfield, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed September 7, 2014.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3403959190〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed August 5, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0885355〔〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Plainfield is a city in Union County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population increased to 49,808, its highest ever recorded population in any decennial census,〔〔〔 with the population having increased by 1,979 (+4.1%) from the 47,829 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,262 (+2.7%) from the 46,567 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 6, 2012.〕 Plainfield is nicknamed "The Queen City".〔(City of Plainfield ), accessed April 5, 2007. "On behalf of the City of Plainfield, I greet you with the passion and enthusiasm that hopefully you share for our Queen City, Plainfield, New Jersey."〕 The area of present-day Plainfield was originally formed as Plainfield Township, a township that was created on April 5, 1847, from portions of Westfield Township, while the area was still part of Essex County. On March 19, 1857, it became part of the newly created Union County.〔 Plainfield was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 21, 1869, from portions of Plainfield Township, based on the results of a referendum held that same day. The city and township coexisted until March 6, 1878, when Plainfield Township was dissolved and parts were absorbed by Plainfield city, with the remainder becoming Fanwood Township (now known as Scotch Plains).〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 240. Accessed April 10, 2012.〕 The name "Plainfield", also used in both North Plainfield and South Plainfield, is derived from a local estate〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 20, 2015.〕 or from its scenic location.〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 247. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed September 11, 2015.〕 ==History== Plainfield was settled in 1684 by Quakers,〔Dudley, William L. ("Friendly Families: The Shotwells" ), in ''The Story of the Friends in Plainfield Including A History of Early Quaker Families'', Rahway & Plainfield Friends (Quaker) Meeting, March 29, 1929. Accessed May 21, 2013.〕 and incorporated as a city in 1869. Formerly a bedroom suburb in the New York metropolitan area, it has become the urban center of 10 closely allied municipalities, with diversified industries, including printing and the manufacture of chemicals, clothing, electronic equipment, and vehicular parts. Among the several 18th-century buildings remaining are a Friends' meetinghouse (1788),〔Nutt, Bill. ("Plainfield places" ), ''Courier-News'', September 3, 2003. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The Society of Friends Meeting House, an apparently unassuming structure on Watchung Avenue in the North Avenue Commercial Historic District, is the oldest continuously used house of worship in the city."〕 the Martine house (1717), and the Nathaniel Drake House (1746), known as George Washington's headquarters during the Battle of Short Hills in June 1777.〔(Nathaniel Drake House ), Connolly & Hickey Historical Architects. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The Nathaniel Drake House was constructed for Nathaniel Drake and his new wife circa 1746, and remained in the Drake family until c. 1860 when Daniel Drake sold the property to John S. Harberger of New York City.... The Nathaniel Drake House is significant for its architecture and how the evolution of the building reflects the changes within Plainfield from an early colonial settlement to a modern suburb, its association with the Drake family, who were prominent early settlers in the region, as well as its association with General George Washington during the Battle of Short Hills."〕〔(Home Page ), Drake House Museum. Accessed July 11, 2013. "It was at the Drake House that George Washington consulted with his officers during and after the Battle of Short Hills fought over the entire Plainfield area on June 25–27, 1777."〕 Nearby Washington Rock is a prominent point of the Watchung Mountains and is reputed to be the vantage point from which Washington watched British troop movements.〔(Washington Rock State Park ), New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed July 11, 2013.〕〔(Washington Rock ), Drake House Museum. Accessed July 11, 2013.〕 In 1902, the New Jersey Legislature approved measures that would have allowed the borough of North Plainfield to become part of Union County (a measure repealed in 1903) and to allow for a merger of North Plainfield with the City of Plainfield subject to the approval of a referendum by voters in both municipalities.〔Honeyman, Abraham Van Doren. (''Index-analysis of the Statutes of New Jersey, 1896-1909: Together with References to All Acts, and Parts of Acts, in the 'General Statutes' and Pamphlet Laws Expressly Repealed : and the Statutory Crimes of New Jersey During the Same Period'' ), p. 208. New Jersey Law Journal Publishing Company, 1910. Accessed September 20, 2015.〕〔Staff. ("North Plainfield Annexation Bills." ), ''The New York Times'', April 15, 1902. Accessed September 11, 2015.〕 Plainfield is the birthplace of P-Funk. George Clinton founded The Parliaments while working in a barber shop in Plainfield. Parliament-Funkadelic was inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997. Plainfield has been home to former New Jersey governor James McGreevey.〔 In sports history, Plainfield is the birthplace and/or home of several current and former athletes, including professionals and well-known amateurs. Included in their number are Milt Campbell, the 1956 Olympic Decathlon gold medalist (the first African-American to earn this title),〔 Joe Black, the first African-American pitcher to win a World Series game, Jeff Torborg, former MLB player, coach and manager, and Vic Washington, NFL player.〔 Archibald Cox, the special prosecutor appointed to oversee prosecutions in the Watergate break-in and related criminal activity during the Nixon administration, was born in Plainfield. There are numerous sites, including homes, parks, and districts in the city that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. While not listed, the Plainfield Armory, a prominent landmark completed in 1932, was sold by the state in 2013 as surplus property.〔(The Plainfield Armory ), The New Jersey Naval Militia Foundation. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The armory at Plainfield was constructed between 1931 and 1932 to house the Headquarters Company of the 44th Division."〕 Plainfield's northeast corner, known as the "Sleepy Hollow" section of the city, was and still is characterized by its array of finely landscaped streets and neighborhoods with homes defined by a broad array of architectural styles, most built during the first half of the twentieth century. As one browses the tree-lines neighborhoods, it is obvious that the lot sizes vary, but the stateliness and distinction of each house is distinct evident, whether a stately Queen Anne mansion or gingerbread cottage. Most lots are nicely landscaped and semi or fully private. Sleepy Hollow has withstood the test of time, remaining a visual destination and a desirable place to buy and live despite the decay in other parts of the city. In its heyday, Plainfield was a regional shopping and entertainment center. Residents of nearby Union, Middlesex and Somerset counties would drive to shop and explore the business districts of Plainfield. Other than during the holidays, peak shopping times in Plainfield were Thursday nights and Saturday, when Front Street and the areas around it bustled. Parking spots were at a premium downtown during the fifties and early sixties. Businesses of note included Tepper's, Rosenbaum's, Sears, Montgomery Wards, Bamberger's and the Surprise Store department stores, Browning King and Robert Hall clothiers, Dreier's and Buck and Benny sporting goods, Lipton's fine jewelry, Lazaar's, Boise's and Park Stationers office supplies, Watchung and Thomas Furniture, Coward, A&S Beck, Kinney and David Bruce Shoes, Brooks and Gregory Music stores, Lafayette Radio and Electronics, Safeway, A&P, Acme and Finast food stores and Thule auto parts. Notable eateries included Larry's Kosher Deli, the Capital Bakery, Grunning's, The Frontier Diner, Conca D'Oro and Texas Lunch. Other businesses of note included the Plainfield Courier News (bought by Gannett, regionalized and moved to Bridgewater, NJ), Wald, Sav-On and Strand Drug, multiple 5 & 10 retail stores (at various times, Woolworth, LL Green, McCrory and others), Loizeaux lumber, The Model Railroad Shop, Park Hardware, Nechin's, The Millenary Shop, the Sam-O-Set Laundry and numerous other small businesses. Plainfield had plenty of entertainment venues. At the peak, there were four operating movie theaters: the Strand, the Liberty, the Paramount and the Oxford theaters. Prior to 1960, Cedarbrook park, at the south end of town, and Greenbrook park, at the north end of town, provided every opportunity for recreation, including ice skating in the winter, fishing, hiking, visits to the ice cream vendor, playgrounds and quiet walks. As with much else in Plainfield, the ability to use the parks without the fear of predators eroded beginning in the early 1960s. Manufacturers of heavy goods included Chelsea Fan Corp., Mack Truck and National Starch and Chemical Corp. Plainfield Iron and Metal maintained a large scrapyard on the west end of town. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Plainfield, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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